Discover the 3 most important wetlands in Chile

Chile has several of these ecosystems, and many of them are protected under the Ramsar Convention and national conservation figures. Visiting these places allows you to get to know an essential part of the country's natural heritage. In the following blog you will learn about three of the most relevant wetlands in the territory, where they are located and all the information you need to visit them in a sustainable way. Let's get to it!

Wetlands in Chile

In Chile, wetlands are distributed from the highlands to Patagonia. Their value is strategic for the conservation of biodiversity, both flora and fauna that inhabit them. They are also fundamental for the water security of the communities.

Chile is home to wetlands of worldwide relevance for their extension and richness of species, so if you are passing through our country, you should visit at least one.

What are wetlands used for?

Wetlands act as natural water regulators. They help control floods and reduce the effects of droughts. They also recharge aquifers and improve water quality, a key aspect for life.

They also act as a refuge for migratory birds and endemic species. They allow the reproduction of fish, amphibians and multiple invertebrates. In addition, they capture carbon and even contribute to mitigating the effects of climate change.

In many regions, these places support far-reaching productive and tourist activities. They also have a high educational and cultural value for local communities, especially schools, establishments and universities, as they are a constant source of study. Conserving wetlands means protecting biodiversity and human life.

Now that you know this information, let's review some of the most extensive and valuable wetlands in Chile.

1. Atacama Salt Flat

The Salar de Atacama is one of the largest high Andean wetlands in Chile. It is located within the Los Flamencos National Reserve in the Antofagasta Region, in the northern part of the country.

This saline wetland stands out for its enormous territorial extension. It is also one of the main flamingo breeding sites in South America. It is home to the Andean flamingo, the Chilean flamingo and the James's flamingo, species that are extremely important to the ecosystem and are classified as vulnerable.

The salt flat plays a key role in water regulation in the world's driest desert. It also supports unique microbial communities in extreme environments.

This place is not only a tourist site for thousands of people, but also a place of study for many researchers in the country, as it is characterized by containing one of the largest reserves of lithium in the world.

Here you can see different birds such as flamingos, taguas, Andean gull , the puna plover, the baird's sandpiper, and guanacos, vicuñas, vizcachas, foxes and pumas.

2. Carlos Anwandter Nature Sanctuary

The Carlos Anwandter Nature Sanctuary is one of the most important fluvial wetlands in the country. It is located on the Cruces River, near the city of Valdivia. This sanctuary is known for its high number of aquatic birds. Its most emblematic species is the black-necked swan, an incredible bird that you must visit.

The wetland is made up of extensive flooded areas, reed beds, and interior lagoons. It plays an essential role in regulating the flooding of the Cruces River. It is also a natural laboratory for scientific studies and environmental education. Its ecological connectivity allows numerous species to migrate and reproduce.

This sanctuary is also home to birds and mammals, including African herons, huala, cuca herons, terns, seven colors, taguas, ducks, coypu, and river otters.

3. Bahía Lomas Nature Sanctuary

Bahía Lomas is one of the most important coastal wetlands in Chile. It is located in the Magallanes Region, on the island of Tierra del Fuego.

This wetland is internationally recognized for its enormous abundance of shorebirds, as each year it receives thousands of migratory birds from the northern hemisphere.

Bahía Lomas has an extensive intertidal plain, this feature allows the feeding of species such as the arctic sandpiper. Its large surface area makes it one of the largest wetlands in southern Chile. It is also key to the biological connectivity of the Southern Cone.

Among the birds that can be sighted are the straight-billed curlew, white-backed sandpiper, Magellanic plover, southern plover, double-collared plover, and peregrine falcon. In addition, guanacos and their young can be sighted.

Why are these wetlands considered the most important in Chile?

These three wetlands stand out for their large territorial extension. They also concentrate a high diversity of species. The Salar de Atacama is key to the biodiversity of the altiplano. The Carlos Anwandter Sanctuary is essential for the conservation of freshwater birds. Bahía Lomas is vital for continental migratory routes. In addition, they all fulfill critical ecological functions: they protect water, regulate the local climate, and sustain unique landscapes. Their conservation is a priority for Chile and the international community.

Tips for visiting them responsibly

1. Always respect the trails and designated areas.

2. Do not bring pets into the protected wetlands.

3. Avoid loud noises that may disturb the fauna.

4. Do not collect plants, animals or natural elements.

5. Take back all your garbage.

6. Prefer certified tourist services.

7. Always check official information before planning your visit.

These wetlands represent an essential part of Chile's natural heritage . Their great extension and high concentration of species make them key territories for conservation. In addition, they fulfill vital ecological functions for the country's water and climate balance.

Visiting these spaces allows us to understand the real value of aquatic ecosystems. Knowing and protecting wetlands is a concrete way to promote responsible and sustainable tourism.

Planning your visit with official information helps to reduce environmental impacts. Respecting access regulations protects wildlife and landscapes. These ecosystems will remain essential for future generations.